| Family | Scientific Name | Author | Year | Common Name |
| Myctophidae | Benthosema glaciale | (Reinhardt) | 1837 | Glacier Lanternfish |
All Benthosema Species: Two Prc photophores. No photophores above lateral line. AO divided into 2 groups, AOa and AOp; Pol present. Mouth terminal, snout not projecting; jaws short, extending less than 1/2 eye diameter behind orbit. PVO1-2 in a horizontal line; VO2 elevated. Prc2 high, from 1-2 photophore diameters below, or on, midlateral line. Teeth simple, never hooked (FAO 2002).
Benthosema glaciale
Unique Characteristics: SAO weakly angulate, forming an even arc, with SAO1 slightly behind vertical through VO2; VO2 raised, about midway between VO1 and VO3; VLO below line PLO-SAO1. total gill rakers 18 (17-20); male SCO a single, black-bordered organ, and ICO absent; female SCO absent, and ICO of 2 patches; occasional specimens with both SCO and ICO (FAO 2020).
Similar Species:
Benthosema suborbitale, Dimple Lanternfish
Dimple Lanternfish, Benthosema suborbitale. SAO angulate, with SAO1 on or slightly behind vertical through VO3; VO2 elevated and anteriorly displaced to above VO1; VLO above line PLO-SAO1. male SCO a single organ, and ICO absent; female SCO absent, and ICO of 2 patches, coalescing with age to single organ (FAO 2020).
References:
(FAO 2002). The living marine resources of the Western Central Atlantic. Volumes 1-3. K.E. Carpenter (ed.). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy. 4099p. (Available at: http://www.fao.org/3/y4160e/y4160e00.htm).
(FAO 2020) Sutton, T.T., P.A. Hulley, R. Wienerroither, D. Zaera-Perez, and J.R. Paxton. 2020. Identification guide to the mesopelagic fishes of the central and south east Atlantic Ocean. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. Rome, FAO. 2020. https://doi.org/10.4060/cb0365en.