| Family | Scientific Name | Author | Year | Common Name |
| Serranidae | Hemanthias leptus | (Ginsburg) | 1952 | Longtail Bass |
All Hemanthias (including Baldwinella) — Dorsal fin with 10 spines and 13-16 rays. Anal fin with 3 spines and 6-13 rays. Most of upper edge of operculum free, not connected by skin to body. Caudal fin deeply forked. Head larger, its length contained 2.3-3.3 times in standard length. Preopercle without a large antrorse spine; middle opercle spine not reaching edge of operculum. Front nostrils variously shaped, but always closer to rear nostrils than to upper lip. Supramaxilla absent. Teeth fixed (not depressible). No scaly flap of skin joining upper part of pectoral-fin base to body. Soft dorsal and anal fins mostly naked (hence the rays are easy to count). Scales larger, the lateral scale series about the same number (39-55) as the lateral-line scales. Preopercle not expanded posteriorly, the serrae at the angle only slightly enlarged. Upper jaw moderately protrusile; jaw teeth distinct; vomer and palatines with teeth. Body depth 27-48% standard length. Posterior process of premaxilla broad and near tip of alveolar ramus. Scales 31-64 in lateral line. Total gill rakers 34-44. Branched caudal-fin rays 13. Maxilla and most or all of interorbital area naked.
Hemanthias leptus
Unique Characters: Lateral-line scales 54-62. Circum-caudal-peduncular scales 40-46. Pelvic-fin length 24-76% standard length (40-76% standard length in specimens greater than about 19 cm standard length). Caudal fin deeply forked in specimens less than about 20 cm standard length, becoming less deeply forked with growth. Caudal fin truncate (or nearly so) with a median notch in specimens greater than about 31 cm standard length.
Similar Species:
Red Barbier
Baldwinella (Hemanthias) vivanus
Streamer Bass
Baldwinella (Hemanthias) aureorubens
Red Barbier Baldwinella (Hemanthias) vivanus. Lateral-line scales 42-53. Circum-caudal-peduncular scales 22-29. Pelvic-fin length 24-38% standard length. Caudal fin deeply forked. Usually, several dorsal-fin spines with long filaments, filament of fourth dorsal-fin spine up to 65% standard length. Preopercle usually with 1 to several serrae enlarged into spines or spine-like processes at angle. Pectoral-fin rays 16-21 (usually 18 or 19). Soft dorsal-fin rays 13 or 14 (usually 14).
Streamer Bass Baldwinella (Hemanthias) aureorubens. Lateral-line scales 42-53. Circum-caudal-peduncular scales 22-29. Pelvic-fin length 24-38% standard length. Caudal fin deeply forked. Dorsal-fin spines without long filaments (spines may have short filaments). Preopercle serrate, but without well-developed spines or spine-like processes at angle. Pectoral-fin rays 15-19 (usually 16 or 17). Soft dorsal-fin rays 13-16 (usually 15).
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