| Family | Scientific Name | Author | Year | Common Name |
| Myctophidae | Lepidophanes gaussi | (Brauer) | 1906 | Pitlight Lampfish |
All Lepidophanes Species: Three or more Prc (1 may be at or above lateral midline at base of caudal peduncle. Dn absent. Supra- and infracaudal glands overlapping scale-like plates, never bordered by jet-black pigment. Luminous tissue over base of anal or dorsal fins and on other portions of body. Four (3+1) Prc; eye without whitish crescent; no luminous tissue above eyes. PO4 elevated; VO2 elevated; no medial luminous tissue either at bases of pelvic fins or between pelvic fins and anal-fin origin; pectoral fin long, reaching adipose origin (FAO 2020).
Lepidophanes gaussi
Unique Characteristics: Gill rakers 3 + 1 + 8 (rarely 7), total 12 (rarely 11); no small saddle-like luminous patches on midline between posterior end of dorsal fin and adipose-fin origin; luminous patches at pelvic-fin origin and below pectoral-fin base. Small supracaudal luminous patches directly in front of 1st procurrent ray present (FAO 2020).
Similar Species:
Lepidophanes guentheri, Largemouth Lanternfish
Largemouth Lanternfish, Lepidophanes guentheri. Gill rakers 4 + 1 + 9 (rarely 8 or 10), total 14 (rarely 13 or 15); small saddle-like luminous patches on midline between posterior end of dorsal fin and adipose-fin origin; no luminous patches at pelvic-fin base or below pectoral-fin base. Small supracaudal luminous patches directly in front of 1st procurrent caudal-ray present (FAO 2020).
References:
(FAO 2020) Sutton, T.T., P.A. Hulley, R. Wienerroither, D. Zaera-Perez, and J.R. Paxton. 2020. Identification guide to the mesopelagic fishes of the central and south east Atlantic Ocean. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. Rome, FAO. 2020. https://doi.org/10.4060/cb0365en.