| Family | Scientific Name | Author | Year | Common Name |
| Sternoptychidae | Sternoptyx diaphana | Herman | 1781 | Longspine Hatchetfish |
All Sternoptyx Species: Body laterally compressed, deep, greatest body depth 0.8 to 2.0 in Standard Length Exposed bony dorsal blade ahead of dorsal fin; iliac or postabdominal spines present. Eyes not tubular, directed laterally. PV photophores 10. Dorsal blade a single median flattened spine and prominent. BR photophores 3, IP 5.
Sternoptyx diaphana
Unique Characteristics: Posterior AN photophore adjoining A base; SAN photophore raised V2 or less distance to mid trunk-line; little pigment in region of mid trunk-line.
Similar Species:
Sternoptyx pseudobscura – Highlight Hatchetfish
Highlight Hatchetfish, Sternoptyx pseudobscura. Posterior AN photophore separated from A base; SAN photophore height 1.5-2.5 in trunk depth, often raised to mid trunk-line; non-uniform dark pigment on trunk.
References:
Baird, R.C. 1971. The systematics, distribution and zoogeography of the marine hatchetfishes (family Sternoptychidae). Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., Harvard Univ., 142:1-128.
Weitzman, S.H. 1986. Family No. 75: Sternoptychidae. In Smith’s sea fishes, edited by M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra. Johannesburg, Macmillan South Africa, pp. 253-259.





